Importance of colposcopy in the management of precancereous lesions of the column of the uterus in developing countries

Abstract

Introduction : Colposcopy is the central element in the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to cervical lesions. This work on 167 colposcopies was carried out at the Private Hospital of the West Parisien in France. The objective was to show the importance and relevance of colposcopy in the diagnosis of precancerous lesions and their management. Avoid treating precancerous lesions without prior colposcopy.
Methods : This is a retrospective observational study based on patient records. The study took place from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2019. The patients included for colposcopy were all those with a pathological smear. For the analysis of the results the EPI info 6 software and the R environment version 3.3 were used.
Results : One hundred and sixty-seven patients were eligible for colposcopy which guided the biopsies. The age of the patients with CIN was between 30 and 60 years. No CIN was found before 20 years. And 82 patients or 49.10% had either metaplasia or
cervicitis. And 85 had CIN type one precancerous lesions. It was divided into CIN I 41.14%, CIN II-III 7.78% and 1.79% cancer. 49.10% were able to avoid diathermic loop electroresection (ERAD). No cases of HIV were reported in this series.
Discussion : Colposcopy played a decisive role in the mapping of lesions and their management. CIN I, known as low-grade lesions, were monitored, whereas CIN II and III, known as high-grade precancerous lesions, were treated by diathermic loop electroresection (ERAD).
Conclusion : Colposcopy remains an essential examination in the management of precancerous lesions of the cervix. This study showed that colposcopy was able to avoid treating lesions such as cervicitis or metaplasia by ERAD.