Urinary tract infections in diabetic patients in a context of limited resources in the town of Goma : bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity

Abstract

Introduction: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in people with diabetes. Urine cytobacteriological examination (UCE) is the key test for positive diagnosis. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of UTIs in diabetics and to identify the germs responsible.

Materials and method: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from January 1, 2023 to December 31, 2024, covering all diabetic patients with a UTI who had undergone a UEC.

Draft

Results: We enrolled 119 diabetics, 79 (66.40%) of whom were men and 40 (33.60%) of whom were women. The prevalence of confirmed UTI was 45.40% (54 patients) who had a UTI with a positive ECBU, and at least 30 (25.20%) had been ill for 5 to 10 years.  There was a predominance of women (n=79 (66.40%)) in the study subjects with type 2 diabetes (n=101; 84.87%). The germs isolated were dominated by Acinobacter Spp, Streptococcus ssp, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans, Proteus Spp, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus ssp, E coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa but also associated with the candidate albicans.  The most commonly prescribed antibiotics were highly resistant, such as Cefixime, Amoxicilin, Amoxyclav, Ciprofloxacin and azithroycine. The prevalence of UTIs in our series is high, more characterised by polymicrobism, with the association of Candidas albicans; as well as low sensitivity to the most commonly used antibiotics in our context of a country with limited resources.

Conclusion: Analysis of our results shows that urinary tract infections in diabetics are polymicrobial, but also that the antibiotics most commonly used in our environment are associated with resistance in most bacteria.

Key words: Urinary tract infections, bacteriological profile, antibiotic sensitivity