Helicobacter pylori infection : Epidemiological and clinical aspects and associated factors in Bunia and Commune of Mahagi
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Abstract
Introduction : Since the discovery of Helicobacter pylori infection, several authors have studied the immunological properties expressed by the bacterium in relation to the host. The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection varies from region to region. It is highest in developing countries, exceeding 80%, while it remains below 40% in developed countries. According to one study, the prevalence of H pylori infection was associated with age, marital status, level of education, water treatment, alcoholism and knowledge of the route of transmission. A study shows that knowledge of H. pylori infection helps to reduce contamination and the development of the disease.
Matérals and method: A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from December 2023 to February 2024 in the town of Bunia and the commune of Mahagi in Ituri, on 380 patients tested for H pylori infection. Data analysis was performed using stata 15.0 software. Correlation and association were taken into account at a p-value ≤ 0.05.
Results: Of the 380 subjects surveyed, 257 (67.63%) had a conclusive H. pylori test result. The prevalence of H. pylori infection among subjects surveyed in the town of Bunia and the Commune of Mahagi in 2024 was therefore 67.63%. For the Commune of Mahagi alone, it is 70%, i.e. 168 out of 240 people surveyed, and in the town of Bunia, it is 66.42%, i.e. 93 out of 140 people surveyed. The factors associated with H pylori infection in the present study were diabetes mellitus (OR =1.95, [CI: 1.28; 4.12], p = 0.04) and lack of water treatment (OR = 4.08, [CI: 2.52; 6.61], p = 0.0001).
Conclusion : The prevalence of H pylori infection is high in the town of Bunia and the Commune of Mahagi. Diabetes and poor water treatment are favourable factors. Good awareness is needed to reduce the incidence and prevent complications and extra-gastric manifestations linked to the infection
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