Open versus laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair at Panzi General Referral Hospital: A comparative study of clinical and functional outcomes
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Abstract
Introduction: Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most frequently performed procedures in general surgery. While laparoscopy has become a valuable alternative in high-income countries, its adoption in resource-limited settings remains debated. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and functional outcomes of open versus laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair at Panzi General Referral Hospital.
Methods: A retrospective study with a prospective component, comparative and analytical, was conducted from January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2024. The study included 47 patients operated for inguinal hernia, divided into two groups: open surgery (n=36) and laparoscopy (n=11). Sociodemographic, clinical, perioperative, and postoperative data were collected using a standardized form and analyzed using SPSS version 25.0.
Results: The mean age was comparable between groups (47.7 ± 19.5 vs 56.3 ± 14.1 years, p=0.184), with a male predominance (87.2%). Patients in the laparoscopy group were more often sedentary workers (p=0.002) and had more bilateral hernias (p=0.004). Operative time was significantly longer in the laparoscopy group (105.5 vs 71.8 minutes, p=0.025). The time to return to professional activities was significantly shorter in the laparoscopy group (23.6 vs 35.7 days, p=0.049). Overall patient satisfaction was significantly higher in the laparoscopy group (100% vs 91.7%, p=0.005). No recurrence was observed at one year of follow-up.
Conclusion: Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair at Panzi Hospital is associated with faster return to activities and higher patient satisfaction, despite longer operative time. Its development requires consideration of socioeconomic determinants and strengthening of surgical training programs.
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